NUDT10 (nudix hydrolase 10) is a cytoplasmic and nuclear enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of specific nucleotide substrates involved in cellular signaling and metabolism. The enzyme cleaves beta-phosphate from diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (PP-InsP5) and hydrolyzes dinucleoside oligophosphates, with diadenosine pentaphosphate (Ap5A) and hexaphosphate (Ap6A) as preferred substrates 1. NUDT10 functions through a manganese-dependent mechanism with optimal activity at pH 8.5, distinguishing it from magnesium-dependent enzymes 2. The enzyme shows tissue-specific expression patterns, with high levels in liver, kidney, and testis, complementing its paralog NUDT11 which is brain-specific 1. In cancer contexts, NUDT10 demonstrates complex roles: it serves as a tumor suppressor candidate in prostate cancer, where TET2-mediated promoter hypermethylation reduces its expression 3, yet paradoxically correlates with worse prognosis in gastric cancer when highly expressed 4. NUDT10 is also implicated in colorectal cancer progression and forms part of prognostic signatures in lung squamous cell carcinoma and bladder cancer 567. Additionally, variants in NUDT10 show suggestive associations with asthma symptoms 8.