NXPH1 (neurexophilin 1) is a signaling molecule that binds to alpha-neurexins (particularly α-NRXN1) and functions as a ligand in cell-cell communication 1. In the nervous system, NXPH1 acts as a potent inhibitor of hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation through NRXN1α signaling, which can be modulated by dystroglycan 1. In neuroblastoma, NXPH1/α-NRXN signaling exhibits dual functionality: it promotes tumor growth via increased cell proliferation but conversely inhibits organotropic metastasis by restraining the mesenchymal transition of cancer cells 2. NXPH1 is dysregulated in multiple disease contexts. Genetic variants in NXPH1 associate with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) 3 and modulate plasma triglyceride responses to omega-3 fatty acid supplementation through altered gene expression and DNA methylation 45. In pancreatic cancer, NXPH1 expression is significantly elevated compared to normal tissue and may serve as a diagnostic biomarker 6. In neuroinflammatory conditions, NXPH1 is upregulated in trigeminal neuralgia patients, with expression normalizing after successful microvascular decompression surgery 7. Additionally, NXPH1 expression is regulated by miR-194-5p, which modulates astrocyte activation and neuroinflammation 8.