OSCP1 (organic solute carrier partner 1), also known as NOR1, is a multifunctional protein with diverse cellular roles. Structurally, OSCP1 localizes to the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and nucleus, forming dimers and trimers 1. The protein facilitates transport of organic solutes across cell membranes 2 and is expressed in brain, testis, and respiratory epithelial cells 3. OSCP1 functions as a tumor suppressor, with its downregulation through promoter hypermethylation observed in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and hematological malignancies 3. It suppresses cancer cell growth by disrupting energy metabolism and promoting apoptosis under oxidative stress, while inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis 3. In cardiovascular contexts, NOR1 negatively modulates osteogenic gene expression, restraining ectopic vascular calcification 4. NOR1 promotes osteoblastic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells via TGF-β/SMAD signaling 5. In airway smooth muscle, NOR1 downregulation by miR-638 promotes cell proliferation and migration 6. Additionally, OSCP1 is implicated in ciliary function and ciliopathy-associated phenotypes 7, suggesting broader developmental significance beyond previously characterized roles.