HomeAboutRankingsData Sources
© 2026 GeneE
🧬
GeneE
10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
ⓘGeneE is for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
ROBO2
roundabout guidance receptor 2
Chromosome 3 · 3p12.3
NCBI Gene: 6092Ensembl: ENSG00000185008.19HGNC: HGNC:10250UniProt: A0A8Q3SIU0
70PubMed Papers
21Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
FUNCTIONAL ROLE
Receptor
CLINICAL
OMIM Disease Gene
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
identical protein bindingextracellular exosomeprotein bindingcellular response to hormone stimulusfamilial vesicoureteral refluxneurodegenerative diseaseAbnormality of the skeletal systemtype 2 diabetes mellitus
✦AI Summary

ROBO2 is a transmembrane receptor for SLIT ligands (particularly SLIT2) that regulates cellular migration and axon guidance during neural development 1. The receptor functions through extracellular SLIT binding and cytoplasmic signaling to modulate the actin-myosin cytoskeleton and control cell migration, adhesion, and proliferation 2. Beyond its classical role in axonal navigation, ROBO2 participates in SLIT-ROBO signaling with broad pathophysiological relevance. In the liver, SLIT2-ROBO1/ROBO2 signaling promotes fibrosis by activating hepatic stellate cells through PI3K and Smad2/3 phosphorylation, while heterozygous Robo1/2 deficiency attenuates CCl4-induced liver injury 3. ROBO2 mutations occur as chr3 rearrangements in pancreatic cancer 4, and SLIT2-ROBO signaling in tumor-associated macrophages drives glioblastoma immunosuppression and vascular dysfunction via PI3K-γ activation 5. In ocular neovascularization, ROBO1/2 blockade reduces pathological vessel growth through effects on myeloid cells and pericytes 2. ROBO2 is also implicated in kidney disease as a therapeutic target for glomerular filtration barrier maintenance 6. Clinically, ROBO2 mutations associate with vesicoureteral reflux, while inhibiting SLIT-ROBO signaling shows therapeutic promise in fibrosis, cancer, and neovascular diseases.

Sources cited
1
SLIT2-ROBO1 signaling promotes liver fibrosis through hepatic stellate cell activation via Smad2/3 and PI3K-AKT phosphorylation; Robo1/2 heterozygous mice show attenuated CCl4-induced liver injury
PMID: 26264936
2
ROBO2 is identified as a target of chromosomal rearrangements in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
PMID: 25719666
3
ROBO2 is a molecular target for novel therapies to maintain glomerular filtration barrier integrity in kidney disease
PMID: 34262140
4
SLIT2-ROBO1/ROBO2 signaling in tumor-associated macrophages and microglia drives glioblastoma immunosuppression through PI3K-γ activation; ROBO knockdown sensitizes tumors to immunotherapy
PMID: 34181595
5
ROBO1/2 are transmembrane receptors binding SLIT ligands; anti-ROBO1/2 monoclonal antibodies reduce pathological ocular neovascularization through myeloid cell effects
PMID: 39565875
6
ROBO2 mediates FOXP2-dependent thalamic axon overgrowth in 22q11.2 microdeletion model of psychiatric disorders
PMID: 38382530
7
Slit2-Robo1 signaling contributes to intrahepatic angiogenesis during chronic liver disease; ROBO1/2 deficiency reduces neovascular density in disease but not in partial hepatectomy
PMID: 34490644
Disease Associationsⓘ21
familial vesicoureteral refluxOpen Targets
0.65Moderate
neurodegenerative diseaseOpen Targets
0.49Moderate
Abnormality of the skeletal systemOpen Targets
0.44Moderate
type 2 diabetes mellitusOpen Targets
0.40Weak
smoking cessationOpen Targets
0.39Weak
colorectal adenocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.34Weak
essential tremorOpen Targets
0.32Weak
PainOpen Targets
0.32Weak
smoking initiationOpen Targets
0.32Weak
Varicose veinsOpen Targets
0.32Weak
ProptosisOpen Targets
0.31Weak
SnoringOpen Targets
0.31Weak
attention deficit hyperactivity disorderOpen Targets
0.30Weak
substance abuseOpen Targets
0.30Weak
obesityOpen Targets
0.29Weak
benign neoplasm of adrenal glandOpen Targets
0.28Weak
conduction system disorderOpen Targets
0.27Weak
ovarian dysfunctionOpen Targets
0.27Weak
knee fractureOpen Targets
0.27Weak
Alzheimer diseaseOpen Targets
0.27Weak
Vesicoureteral reflux 2UniProt
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
PAK1Protein interaction93%PAK2Protein interaction93%PAK3Protein interaction93%NCK2Protein interaction93%BUB1B-PAK6Protein interaction93%ABL1Protein interaction93%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Brain
100%
Ovary
86%
Lung
44%
Liver
4%
Heart
3%
Bone Marrow
1%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
ROBO2PAK1PAK2PAK3NCK2BUB1B-PAK6ABL1
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
PDB5NOI · 2.40 Å · X-ray
View on RCSB ↗
RankingsWhere ROBO2 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #6,754of 20,598
    Most Researched70
Genes detectedROBO2
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
Activation of Slit2-Robo1 signaling promotes liver fibrosis.
PMID: 26264936
J Hepatol · 2015
1.00
2
Whole genomes redefine the mutational landscape of pancreatic cancer.
PMID: 25719666
Nature · 2015
0.90
3
The glomerular filtration barrier: a structural target for novel kidney therapies.
PMID: 34262140
Nat Rev Drug Discov · 2021
0.80
4
SLIT2/ROBO signaling in tumor-associated microglia and macrophages drives glioblastoma immunosuppression and vascular dysmorphia.
PMID: 34181595
J Clin Invest · 2021
0.70
5
Monoclonal antibodies that block Roundabout 1 and 2 signaling target pathological ocular neovascularization through myeloid cells.
PMID: 39565875
Sci Transl Med · 2024
0.60