HomeAboutRankingsData Sources
© 2026 GeneE
🧬
GeneE
10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
ⓘGeneE is for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
ROMO1
reactive oxygen species modulator 1
Chromosome 20 · 20q11.22
NCBI Gene: 140823Ensembl: ENSG00000125995.17HGNC: HGNC:16185UniProt: P60602
66PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
protein bindingmonoatomic cation transmembrane transporter activitymitochondrial inner membranemitochondrionneurodegenerative diseaselung cancercolorectal carcinomacancer
✦AI Summary

ROMO1 (reactive oxygen species modulator 1) is a redox-sensitive mitochondrial inner membrane protein that plays multifaceted roles in cellular homeostasis and disease pathogenesis. Functionally, ROMO1 regulates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and protects the mitochondrial cysteinome from oxidative damage 1. ROMO1 overexpression preserves mitochondrial thiol pools, promotes energy metabolism, and maintains calcium uniport while inhibiting membrane permeability transition 1, demonstrating protective effects against age-related mitochondrial decline. In disease contexts, ROMO1's roles are complex and context-dependent. ROMO1 is frequently overexpressed in multiple cancers including glioblastoma, where it drives ROS production and cellular proliferation through cell cycle arrest evasion 2. Similarly, in HPV-associated cancers, ROMO1 mediates mitochondrial reprogramming and metabolic shifts toward glycolysis 3, and in castration-resistant prostate cancer, ROMO1 upregulation via PKLR/MYCN signaling promotes neuroendocrine differentiation 4. Conversely, ROMO1 contributes to pathological ROS signaling in inflammatory diseases. In COPD, ROMO1-mediated mitochondrial ROS activates STAT6 phosphorylation, driving airway mucus hypersecretion 5. ROMO1 emerges as a shared genetic component across autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes), regulating monocyte function via ROS pathways 6. Therapeutically, ROMO1 represents a potential target: blocking ROMO1-mediated ROS production enhances drug-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer 7, while ROMO1 inhibition shows promise in multiple cancer and inflammatory disease models.

Sources cited
1
ROMO1 protects mitochondrial cysteinome from oxidation, promotes energy metabolism and calcium uniport, and reverses age-related mitochondrial dysfunction
PMID: 40461459
2
ROMO1 is overexpressed in glioblastoma and drives ROS production, cell proliferation, and tumor growth through cell cycle regulation
PMID: 25193023
3
ROMO1 is a shared genetic factor in rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes, regulating immune cell patterns via ROS pathways and monocyte function
PMID: 40254686
4
ROMO1 mediates HPV-induced mitochondrial reprogramming, ROS regulation, and metabolic shifts in cervical cancer with biphasic expression patterns
PMID: 41148844
5
ROMO1 contributes to airway mucus hypersecretion in COPD via mitochondrial ROS-STAT6 pathway activation
PMID: 41673839
6
ROMO1 is upregulated via PKLR/MYCN signaling in castration-resistant prostate cancer to promote neuroendocrine differentiation and metabolic reprogramming
PMID: 36963289
7
ROMO1-mediated ROS production supports ovarian cancer survival; blocking ROMO1 enhances drug-induced apoptosis
PMID: 37386404
Disease Associationsⓘ20
neurodegenerative diseaseOpen Targets
0.48Moderate
lung cancerOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
colorectal carcinomaOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
cancerOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
glioblastomaOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
myeloid sarcomaOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
type 1 diabetes mellitusOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
Ischemic strokeOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
urinary bladder carcinomaOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
non-small cell lung carcinomaOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
type 2 diabetes mellitusOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
attention deficit hyperactivity disorderOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
placenta praeviaOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
coronary artery diseaseOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
hepatocellular carcinomaOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
hereditary attention deficit-hyperactivity disorderOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
response to statinOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
posterior cortical atrophyOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
NDUFB9Protein interaction100%UQCRQProtein interaction100%NDUFA13Protein interaction100%UQCR10Protein interaction100%UQCR11Protein interaction100%COX5BProtein interaction100%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Liver
100%
Lung
62%
Heart
61%
Ovary
60%
Brain
49%
Bone Marrow
43%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
ROMO1NDUFB9UQCRQNDUFA13UQCR10UQCR11COX5B
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
AlphaFoldAI-predicted · UniProt P60602
View on AlphaFold ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
1.74LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF1.02 [0.60–1.74]
RankingsWhere ROMO1 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #7,116of 20,598
    Most Researched66
  • #16,286of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)1.74
Genes detectedROMO1
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
ROMO1 overexpression protects the mitochondrial cysteinome from oxidations in aging.
PMID: 40461459
Nat Commun · 2025
1.00
2
Romo1 is associated with ROS production and cellular growth in human gliomas.
PMID: 25193023
J Neurooncol · 2015
0.90
3
A Multi-omics approach to identify and validate shared genetic architecture in rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and type 1 diabetes: integrating GWAS, GEO, MSigDB, and scRNA-seq data.
PMID: 40254686
Funct Integr Genomics · 2025
0.80
4
Autophagy and inflammasomes.
PMID: 28249679
Mol Immunol · 2017
0.70
5
HPV Oncoproteins and Mitochondrial Reprogramming: The Central Role of ROMO1 in Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Shifts.
PMID: 41148844
Cells · 2025
0.60