SGTB (Small Glutamine Rich Tetratricopeptide Repeat Co-Chaperone Beta) is a co-chaperone protein that functions as a molecular regulator of heat shock proteins and cell stress responses. Mechanistically, SGTB interacts with HSP70/HSC70 chaperones and modulates their activity [UniProt], while also serving as a BOC guidance receptor-interacting protein that regulates its surface localization to promote neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth 1. In disease contexts, SGTB plays a pathogenic role in osteoarthritis (OA). SGTB expression is significantly upregulated in OA cartilage, where it promotes caspase-3-dependent chondrocyte apoptosis by negatively regulating HSP70 activity 2. In IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes, SGTB is regulated via the circ-PDE1C/miR-766-3p axis; downregulation of SGTB alleviates inflammatory responses and oxidative stress 3. Clinically, rare damaging variants in SGTB confer independent risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, particularly affecting coronary and peripheral circulations 4. SGTB was downregulated in aortic tissue from coronary artery disease patients compared to controls, suggesting loss-of-function pathophysiology in vascular disease. These findings position SGTB as a critical therapeutic target in OA and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, where modulating its expression or activity may mitigate disease progression.