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10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
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STX2
syntaxin 2
Chromosome 12 · 12q24.33
NCBI Gene: 2054Ensembl: ENSG00000111450.15HGNC: HGNC:3403UniProt: A0A994J5V9
62PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
lamellipodiumbasolateral plasma membraneprotein bindingcellular response to oxidative stressvenous thromboembolismmalignant renal pelvis neoplasmkidney diseaseIschemic stroke
✦AI Summary

STX2 (syntaxin-2) is a SNARE protein with critical roles in membrane trafficking and exocytosis. Primary function: STX2 localizes to the plasma membrane, early endosomes, and phagosomes, where it regulates vesicle docking and fusion events 1. The protein coordinates surface receptor density, phagosome biogenesis, and maturation in macrophages; STX2 knockdown increases phagocytic uptake of IgG-opsonized particles but impairs phagolysosomal maturation and bacterial degradation 1. Mechanism: STX2 functions as part of the SNARE complex mediating calcium-dependent exocytosis and intracellular protein transport. In vascular endothelial cells, STX2 modulates tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) release; silencing STX2 increases tPA secretion, suggesting a regulatory role in exocytotic control 2. Disease relevance: While STX2 is distinct from Shiga toxin 2 (also abbreviated Stx2), the abstracts repeatedly reference Shiga toxin's pathogenic mechanisms in hemolytic uremic syndrome, involving Gb3 receptor binding and translocation across epithelial barriers 3. Clinical significance: Understanding STX2's role in regulating phagolysosomal clearance and receptor trafficking suggests potential therapeutic targets for modulating aberrant phagocytosis and controlling intracellular bacterial persistence 1. Genome-wide association studies identify STX2 variants associated with circulating tPA levels, linking the protein to cardiovascular physiology 2.

Sources cited
1
STX2 localizes to plasma membrane, early endosomes, and phagosomes; regulates phagocytic uptake and phagolysosomal maturation in macrophages
PMID: 40641446
2
STX2 variants associate with circulating tPA levels; silencing STX2 increases tPA release from vascular endothelial cells
PMID: 24578379
3
Shiga toxin-2 translocation across intestinal epithelial barriers involves Gb3-dependent endocytosis and paracellular/transcellular pathways
PMID: 31824869
⚠Limited data available — This gene has 3 indexed publications. Summary and analysis may be incomplete.
Disease Associationsⓘ20
venous thromboembolismOpen Targets
0.30Weak
malignant renal pelvis neoplasmOpen Targets
0.30Weak
kidney diseaseOpen Targets
0.26Weak
coronary artery diseaseOpen Targets
0.26Weak
Ischemic strokeOpen Targets
0.26Weak
azoospermiaOpen Targets
0.10Suggestive
colorectal carcinomaOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
hemolytic-uremic syndromeOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
partial chromosome Y deletionOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
spermatogenic failure 57Open Targets
0.07Suggestive
spermatogenic failure 50Open Targets
0.07Suggestive
spermatogenic failure 25Open Targets
0.07Suggestive
spermatogenic failure, X-linked, 2Open Targets
0.07Suggestive
isochromosomy YpOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
spermatogenic failure 71Open Targets
0.07Suggestive
infectionOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
spermatogenic failure 63Open Targets
0.07Suggestive
male infertility with azoospermia or oligozoospermia due to single gene mutationOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
spinocerebellar ataxia type 32Open Targets
0.07Suggestive
spermatogenic failure 48Open Targets
0.07Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
SNAP23Protein interaction100%STX6Protein interaction100%SNAP25Protein interaction100%STXBP1Protein interaction100%VAMP7Protein interaction100%STX10Protein interaction100%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Lung
100%
Ovary
88%
Bone Marrow
78%
Liver
73%
Heart
73%
Brain
54%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
STX2SNAP23STX6SNAP25STXBP1VAMP7STX10
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
AlphaFoldAI-predicted · UniProt P32856
View on AlphaFold ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
1.04LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.73 [0.53–1.04]
RankingsWhere STX2 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #7,514of 20,598
    Most Researched62
  • #10,375of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)1.04
Genes detectedSTX2
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
Stx2 Induces Differential Gene Expression and Disturbs Circadian Rhythm Genes in the Proximal Tubule.
PMID: 35202097
Toxins (Basel) · 2022
1.00
2
Endocytosis, Cytotoxicity, and Translocation of Shiga Toxin-2 Are Stimulated by Infection of Human Intestinal (HCT-8) Monolayers With an Hypervirulent
PMID: 31824869
Front Cell Infect Microbiol · 2019
0.90
3
Genome-wide association study for circulating tissue plasminogen activator levels and functional follow-up implicates endothelial STXBP5 and STX2.
PMID: 24578379
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol · 2014
0.80
4
Regulatory elements of stx2 gene and the expression level of Shiga-like toxin 2 in Escherichia coli O157:H7.
PMID: 27317410
J Microbiol Immunol Infect · 2018
0.70
5
Syntaxin-2 balances phagocytic uptake and phagolysosomal clearance in macrophages.
PMID: 40641446
J Cell Sci · 2025
0.60