HomeAboutRankingsData Sources
© 2026 GeneE
🧬
GeneE
10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
ⓘGeneE is for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
SYCE2
synaptonemal complex central element protein 2
Chromosome 19 · 19p13.13
NCBI Gene: 256126Ensembl: ENSG00000161860.9HGNC: HGNC:27411UniProt: Q6PIF2
19PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
FUNCTIONAL ROLE
Highly Constrained
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
protein bindingnucleoplasmcentral elementchromosomeglutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiencyatrial fibrillationazoospermiaprimary ovarian insufficiency
✦AI Summary

SYCE2 is a major structural component of the synaptonemal complex (SC) central element, a supramolecular protein assembly essential for meiotic chromosome 19 and recombination 1. SYCE2 functions as part of a constitutive complex with TEX12, forming equimolar hetero-octamers that spontaneously assemble into filamentous structures 2. These SYCE2-TEX12 building blocks organize hierarchically into 2:2 coiled coils that dimerize into 4:4 hetero-oligomers, then interact end-to-end and laterally to form 10-nm fibers that bundle into micrometer-long 40-nm fibers, providing the α-fibrous SC backbone that structurally underpins synaptic elongation along meiotic chr19 3. SYCE2 requires SYCP1 for central element incorporation and is essential for SC assembly extension; chr19 lacking SYCE2 cannot extend SC initiation sites, resulting in failed synapsis and impaired crossover formation 1. Mutations in SYCE2 alter crossover distribution patterns and are associated with pregnancy loss in humans, suggesting that defective recombination quality contributes to reproductive failure 4. Additionally, SYCE2 positively regulates DNA double-strand break repair, indicating potential somatic roles in genome integrity maintenance beyond meiosis 5.

Sources cited
1
SYCE2 is required for SC assembly extension, synapsis, double-strand break repair, and homologous recombination; SYCP1, SYCE1, and SYCE2 are interdependent for SC assembly
PMID: 17339376
2
SYCE2 and TEX12 form a highly stable equimolar hetero-octamer that spontaneously assembles into filamentous structures resembling the SC central element
PMID: 22870393
3
SYCE2-TEX12 hierarchically assembles into coiled coils, hetero-oligomers, 10-nm fibers, and bundled 40-nm fibers that form the α-fibrous SC backbone
PMID: 34373646
4
A missense variant in SYCE2 associates with increased pregnancy loss risk through effects on recombination patterns and crossover placement
PMID: 38287193
5
SYCE2 positively regulates DNA double-strand break repair and may influence genomic stability in somatic cells
PMID: 33382503
Disease Associationsⓘ20
glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiencyOpen Targets
0.56Moderate
atrial fibrillationOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
azoospermiaOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
primary ovarian insufficiencyOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
partial chromosome Y deletionOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
Female infertility due to fertilization defectOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
diabetes mellitusOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
type 2 diabetes mellitusOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
spermatogenic failure 57Open Targets
0.06Suggestive
spermatogenic failure 50Open Targets
0.06Suggestive
spermatogenic failure, X-linked, 2Open Targets
0.05Suggestive
ring chromosome YOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
46,XX gonadal dysgenesisOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
spermatogenic failure 25Open Targets
0.05Suggestive
46,XX testicular disorder of sex developmentOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
spinocerebellar ataxia type 32Open Targets
0.05Suggestive
spermatogenic failure 63Open Targets
0.05Suggestive
spermatogenic failure 71Open Targets
0.05Suggestive
isochromosomy YpOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
spermatogenic failure 88Open Targets
0.05Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
SYCP2Protein interaction100%REC8Protein interaction100%STAG3Protein interaction100%SMC1BProtein interaction100%HORMAD1Protein interaction100%TEX12Protein interaction92%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Bone Marrow
100%
Liver
61%
Brain
61%
Ovary
47%
Heart
28%
Lung
16%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
SYCE2SYCP2REC8STAG3SMC1BHORMAD1TEX12
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
PDB6R17 · 2.42 Å · X-ray
View on RCSB ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
0.35Highly Constrained
pLIⓘ
1.00Intolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.17 [0.09–0.35]
RankingsWhere SYCE2 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #14,560of 20,598
    Most Researched19
  • #1,531of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)0.35 · top 10%
Genes detectedSYCE2
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
Structural basis of meiotic chromosome synaptic elongation through hierarchical fibrous assembly of SYCE2-TEX12.
PMID: 34373646
Nat Struct Mol Biol · 2021
1.00
2
Structural analysis of the human SYCE2-TEX12 complex provides molecular insights into synaptonemal complex assembly.
PMID: 22870393
Open Biol · 2012
0.90
3
SYCE2 is required for synaptonemal complex assembly, double strand break repair, and homologous recombination.
PMID: 17339376
J Cell Biol · 2007
0.80
4
Synaptonemal complex proteins modulate the level of genome integrity in cancers.
PMID: 33382503
Cancer Sci · 2021
0.70
5
Molecular structure of human synaptonemal complex protein SYCE1.
PMID: 30607510
Chromosoma · 2019
0.60