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10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 15 days ago
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SYNGR2
synaptogyrin 2
Chromosome 17 · 17q25.3
NCBI Gene: 9144Ensembl: ENSG00000108639.8HGNC: HGNC:11499UniProt: K7ELS8
38PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
protein bindingextracellular exosomeneuromuscular junctionsynaptic vesicle membraneneoplasmcancerAbnormality of the skeletal systemdiabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal 4
✦AI Summary

SYNGR2 (synaptogyrin 2) is a membrane protein encoded on chromosome 17 telomeric region 1 that functions in regulating membrane trafficking in non-neuronal cells 2. The protein contains four conserved transmembrane domains conferring an M-shaped topology 1, and is expressed at high levels in most tissues except the brain 1. SYNGR2 plays a role in synaptic vesicle membrane organization and regulated exocytosis through its involvement in protein binding and extracellular exosome pathways. Mechanistically, SYNGR2 may participate in cytoplasmic inclusion body assembly required for SFTS phlebovirus replication during microbial infection. Clinically, SYNGR2 has emerged as a significant cancer biomarker. High SYNGR2 expression is associated with reduced overall survival, disease-specific survival, and disease-free interval across multiple cancer types 3. In hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, SYNGR2 expression correlates with poor prognosis, higher tumor stage, and altered immune infiltration patterns 32. SYNGR2 was identified as an upregulated protein in medulloblastoma's SHH subgroup 4 and inclusion in multi-gene diagnostic models improves preoperative differentiation of malignant from benign thyroid nodules 56, achieving 88.8% predictive accuracy.

Sources cited
1
SYNGR2 gene location on chromosome 17qtel, tissue expression patterns, four transmembrane domains structure
PMID: 9760194
2
SYNGR2 role in membrane trafficking in non-neuronal cells and prognostic significance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
PMID: 35840542
3
SYNGR2 overexpression in cancers, association with reduced survival outcomes, immune infiltration, and prognostic value across pan-cancer analysis
PMID: 37170221
4
SYNGR2 identified as top upregulated protein in medulloblastoma SHH subgroup
PMID: 32580068
5
SYNGR2 inclusion in 8-gene computational model for thyroid cancer diagnosis with 88.8% predictive power
PMID: 22958914
6
SYNGR2 as component of 6-gene model distinguishing benign from malignant thyroid tumors
PMID: 16360390
Disease Associationsⓘ20
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
cancerOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
Abnormality of the skeletal systemOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
diabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal 4Open Targets
0.04Suggestive
maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 13Open Targets
0.04Suggestive
MODYOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus 1Open Targets
0.04Suggestive
diabetes mellitus, transient neonatal, 3Open Targets
0.04Suggestive
hemolytic anemia due to erythrocyte adenosine deaminase overproductionOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosisOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
Rh deficiency syndromeOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
elliptocytosis 2Open Targets
0.03Suggestive
esophageal squamous cell carcinomaOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
corneal dystrophyOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
lung adenocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
infectionOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
glioblastoma multiformeOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
asthmaOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
Plasmodium falciparum malariaOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
papillary renal cell carcinomaOpen Targets
0.01Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
TMC8Protein interaction93%TK1Protein interaction75%SYNPRProtein interaction74%TMC6Protein interaction74%RAB11FIP1Shared pathway50%SYNGR1Shared pathway40%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Lung
100%
Heart
65%
Liver
41%
Bone Marrow
36%
Ovary
21%
Brain
14%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
SYNGR2TMC8TK1SYNPRTMC6RAB11FIP1SYNGR1
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
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AlphaFoldAI-predicted · UniProt O43760
View on AlphaFold ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
1.07LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.69 [0.45–1.07]
RankingsWhere SYNGR2 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #10,551of 20,598
    Most Researched38
  • #10,825of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)1.07
Genes detectedSYNGR2
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
Characterization of the human synaptogyrin gene family.
PMID: 9760194
Hum Genet · 1998
1.00
2
Pan-cancer analysis of SYNGR2 with a focus on clinical implications and immune landscape in liver hepatocellular carcinoma.
PMID: 37170221
BMC Bioinformatics · 2023
0.90
3
SYNGR2 serves as a prognostic biomarker and correlates with immune infiltrates in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
PMID: 35840542
J Gene Med · 2022
0.80
4
Proteomic profiling of medulloblastoma reveals novel proteins differentially expressed within each molecular subgroup.
PMID: 32580068
Clin Neurol Neurosurg · 2020
0.70
5
A molecular computational model improves the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules.
PMID: 22958914
BMC Cancer · 2012
0.60