TAF11 is a subunit of the TFIID basal transcription factor complex essential for RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription initiation 1. As a histone fold domain-containing protein, TAF11 collaborates with TAF13 and TBP to facilitate TFIID promoter binding and pre-initiation complex assembly 12. Structurally, TAF11 competes with TATA-box DNA for TBP binding, suggesting a regulatory role in TFIID assembly and function 2. Beyond core transcriptional roles, TAF11 participates in super-enhancer activity critical for oncogene expression, with TAF11 knockout significantly decreasing MYC transcription in Epstein-Barr virus-infected cells 3. Disease relevance includes association with non-syndromic cleft lip, where a TAF11 variant increases STAT1/STAT3 recruitment and TAF11 expression, downregulating cell adhesion genes CDH1 and CTNND1, ultimately disrupting cranial neural crest cell migration 4. Additionally, TAF11 mediates macrophage polarization through HIF1α signaling via mRNA 2'-O-methylation modification, implicating it in immune regulation and inflammatory disease 5. TAF11 was identified as one of nine genetic mediators in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease pathogenesis 6. These findings establish TAF11 as a multifunctional transcriptional factor with implications in developmental and inflammatory disease.