TLR6 is a plasma membrane-localized pattern recognition receptor that plays a critical role in innate immune responses to gram-positive bacteria and fungi by recognizing diacylated lipopeptides 1. Upon ligand binding, TLR6 forms an activation complex with TLR2, CD14, and CD36 at the cell surface, which translocates to the Golgi in a lipid-raft-dependent manner 2. This triggers MyD88 and TRAF6-dependent signaling, activating NF-κB and promoting inflammatory cytokine secretion 1. TLR6 cooperatively recognizes multiple bacterial ligands including mycoplasmal MALP-2, tuberculosis factor, and Borrelia burgdorferi OspA-lipoprotein with TLR2 3. Additionally, TLR6 heterodimerizes with TLR4 to promote sterile inflammation in response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein and amyloid-beta 42, triggering NF-κB-dependent chemokine production 1. In lung adenocarcinoma, TLR6 overexpression is associated with neutrophil pro-tumor polarization, suggesting a pathological role in cancer progression 4. TLR6 polymorphisms (P249S) have been linked to increased susceptibility to complicated skin infections 5, indicating that genetic variation affects host defense capacity 6.