TTC36 (tetratricopeptide repeat domain 36) is a molecular chaperone with context-dependent roles in cancer and metabolic disease. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), TTC36 exhibits dual and seemingly contradictory functions: it promotes c-Myc protein accumulation and sorafenib resistance by inhibiting c-Myc degradation through disruption of the SET-PPP2R1A-PP2A interaction 1, yet simultaneously acts as a tumor suppressor by stabilizing YBX3 protein, which enhances SPRED1 mRNA stability and suppresses Ras/MAPK signaling 2. High TTC36 expression independently predicts better overall survival in nonmetastatic HCC 3. In gastric carcinoma, TTC36 functions as a tumor suppressor, inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis through negative regulation of Wnt-β-catenin signaling 4. Beyond oncology, TTC36 regulates tyrosine metabolism by protecting 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid dioxygenase (HPD) from STK33-mediated phosphorylation and PELI1-mediated degradation; TTC36 deficiency causes tyrosinemia and neurological damage in mice 5. TTC36 has been identified as a novel candidate susceptibility gene in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma 6 and congenital heart disease 7. Clinically, TTC36 status may serve as a predictive biomarker for HCC therapeutic stratification and potentially for immune checkpoint therapy response in triple-negative breast cancer 8.