VSIG10 (V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 10) is a cell adhesion molecule involved in cell-cell interactions and synaptic assembly [GO annotations]. The protein contains immunoglobulin domains and localizes to the plasma membrane, consistent with its role in adhesion-related processes. VSIG10 has been identified as a novel genetic factor in multiple disease contexts. In eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), the variant rs7307331 at the 12q24.23 locus was prioritized through fine mapping in African American populations, with esophageal VSIG10 expression significantly downregulated in EoE cases 1. Evolutionary analysis revealed that VSIG10 lost an ancestrally conserved N-glycosylation site during human evolution following human-chimpanzee divergence, suggesting functional divergence in primates 2. The protein was identified as dysregulated in COVID-19 saliva proteomes, appearing among proteins newly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection 3. VSIG10 has also emerged in cancer pharmacogenomics; it was included in a five-gene signature (EPHA2, NGEF, SEPTIN10, TRIP10, VSIG10) predictive of vinorelbine sensitivity across 100 cancer cell lines 4. Additionally, VSIG10 appears dysregulated in macrophage-driven colonic pathologies including inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer, particularly in FOXO3-deficient macrophage contexts 5, and is associated with autism spectrum disorder through m6A/m5C RNA modification variants 6.