AVPR1A is a G protein-coupled receptor for arginine vasopressin that activates phosphatidylinositol-calcium signaling pathways 1. The receptor is widely distributed in the brain and modulates diverse behavioral phenotypes, particularly social behaviors including pair bonding, recognition, and affiliation 2. AVPR1A functions as a vasoconstrictor in peripheral tissues through activation of vascular smooth muscle 34. Clinically, AVPR1A variants are associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), where polymorphisms may impair social communication skills 51. The gene's expression is regulated by non-coding regulatory regions, with hypermethylation-mediated downregulation implicated in vascular dysfunction during pre-eclampsia 6. Additionally, aberrant AVPR1A expression occurs in cortisol-secreting primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia and other endocrine tumors 7. AVPR1A also associates with behavioral variation in eating, music cognition, and altruism 18. Therapeutically, AVPR1A antagonists are being investigated for treating social cognitive impairments in ASD 5, while vasopressin agonists targeting AVPR1A are used as adjunctive vasopressors in critical care settings, though without significant mortality benefit 34.