CENPT (centromere protein T) is a constitutive inner kinetochore protein essential for chromosome 16 and cell division. As a component of the CENP-T-W-S-X heterotetrameric complex, CENPT binds and supercoils DNA while bridging adjacent CENPA nucleosomes at centromeres 1. CENPT functions within the constitutive centromere-associated network (CCAN) to recruit outer kinetochore components and the KMN network, enabling microtubule attachment and spindle function 2. Higher-order CENPT oligomerization at centromeres triggers robust outer kinetochore formation through density-dependent recruitment mechanisms 3. CENPT is required for normal mitotic progression and chromosome 16 4. Disease relevance includes severe primordial growth failure caused by CENPT mutations, resulting in aberrant cell division, micronuclei accumulation, and chr16 segregation defects 5. Additionally, CENPT is highly expressed in renal cell carcinoma where it promotes tumor proliferation by interacting with glutathione synthesis machinery to inhibit ferroptosis 6. Clinically, CENPT mutations associate with short stature, microcephaly, and genital anomalies, highlighting its critical role in developmental processes dependent on accurate cell division and chromosome 16.