FZD1 (frizzled class receptor 1) is a transmembrane receptor that serves as a key component of Wnt signaling pathways, mediating both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling 1. The receptor binds Wnt ligands and activates downstream signaling cascades, including the alternative Wnt-YAP/TAZ pathway through Gα12/13-Rho GTPases-Lats1/2, which promotes TEAD-mediated transcription and regulates cellular processes like osteogenic differentiation and cell migration 1. FZD1 plays essential roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis, particularly in bone and cartilage development, where its dysregulation is associated with osteosarcoma progression through Sox9-mediated hyperexpression 2. In the nervous system, FZD1 regulates oligodendrocyte maturation specifically during injury responses, with Rnf43 controlling FZD1 surface presentation to modulate Wnt signal strength during remyelination 3. Clinically, FZD1 has significant disease relevance: it serves as a potential biomarker for Kashin-Beck disease, an endemic osteoarthritis where reduced FZD1 expression correlates with joint pathology 4, and its overexpression in triple-negative breast cancer promotes cancer stem cell properties and chemoresistance 5. Additionally, FZD1 shows the strongest genetic association with schizophrenia and is highly expressed in developing brain endothelium, suggesting roles in neurovascular development 6. Therapeutically, FZD1 represents a promising target, as specific inhibitors can suppress tumor growth while potentially avoiding broad Wnt pathway side effects 7.