GABRR1 encodes the rho1 subunit of GABA-A receptors, which form pentameric ligand-gated chloride channels that mediate inhibitory neurotransmission 1. These rho-containing receptors are entirely composed of rho subunits and allow selective chloride flow across cell membranes when activated by GABA 1. GABRR1 is primarily expressed in retinal tissue, where it likely plays a role in retinal neurotransmission 2. The gene is located on chromosome 6-21, closely linked to GABRR2 34. Beyond the nervous system, GABRR1 shows functional expression in hematopoietic stem cells and megakaryocyte progenitors, where it promotes platelet production and megakaryocyte differentiation 5. Disease associations include alcohol dependence, with genetic variants in GABRR1 showing significant associations, particularly with earlier onset alcoholism 6. Additional clinical relevance includes associations with myopia through gene-environment interactions involving education levels 7, differential methylation patterns in tardive dyskinesia 8, diabetic nephropathy complications 9, and potential prognostic significance in hepatocellular carcinoma 10. These findings suggest GABRR1 has broader physiological roles beyond classical GABAergic neurotransmission.