LIPC (lipase C, hepatic type) encodes hepatic lipase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides and phospholipids in circulating plasma lipoproteins, including chylomicrons, intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL), and high density lipoproteins (HDL), releasing free fatty acids and smaller lipoprotein particles 1234. The enzyme exhibits lysophospholipase activity and shows greater binding affinity for neutral lipid substrates than phospholipid substrates, preferentially hydrolyzing phosphatidylcholine species containing polyunsaturated fatty acids in native LDL 2. LIPC expression is transcriptionally regulated by hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α (HNF1α) 5. Disease associations include hepatic lipase deficiency, and LIPC polymorphisms are associated with coronary artery disease risk 6, age-related macular degeneration 78, and hypertension susceptibility 9. The enzyme plays crucial roles in lipoprotein remodeling and lipid homeostasis, with decreased activity observed in nephrotic syndrome contributing to dyslipidemia 10.