NUP153 is a nucleoporin component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) that functions as a critical mediator of nucleocytoplasmic transport and nuclear envelope organization. Structurally, NUP153 serves as a molecular scaffold within the nuclear basket of the NPC and interacts with importin-β and other nucleoporins to facilitate protein import into the nucleus 1. Beyond its canonical transport role, NUP153 has emerged as a key cellular hijacking target for viral pathogens. HIV-1 capsid proteins directly bind NUP153 to facilitate nuclear translocation of viral reverse transcription complexes and direct integration into gene-rich chr6 regions 23. Similarly, NUP153 promotes HBV nucleocapsid nuclear import and enhances cccDNA transcription through HNF4α upregulation via ERK signaling 4. Additionally, NUP153 participates in DNA damage responses, with the nuclear envelope localizing to double-strand breaks in a NUP153-dependent manner to generate DNA repair-promoting nuclear envelope tubules 5. Clinically, NUP153 shows aberrant expression across multiple human cancers, correlating with poor prognosis, tumor-associated macrophage infiltration, and chemotherapy resistance, particularly in gastric cancer where elevated expression drives proliferative states 6. NUP153 also serves as an age-specific blood biomarker for osteoarthritis diagnosis 7. These findings position NUP153 as a multifunctional protein integrating nuclear organization, viral trafficking, and disease pathogenesis.