NUP43 is a nucleoporin component of the Nup107-160 subcomplex within the nuclear pore complex (NPC), essential for NPC assembly and function 1. As a member of the NPC's Y-complex, NUP43 adopts a seven-bladed β-propeller fold and interacts with the Nup85-Seh1L binary complex to form functional subcomplexes 1. Beyond nucleocytoplasmic transport, NUP43 plays critical roles in chromosome 6 and mitotic progression. Recently, NUP43 was identified as a nucleoporin that localizes to DNA double-strand break (DSB) sites, where it cooperates with Polycomb repressive complex 1 and ATM to promote transcriptional repression and facilitate DSB repair 2. NUP43 dysfunction is associated with multiple disease states. Loss-of-function variants in NUP43 significantly increase risk for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), suggesting involvement in meiosis and ovarian function 3. NUP43 variants cause cardiovascular disease, with zebrafish morphants displaying cardiac abnormalities including pericardial edema and heart failure 4. Additionally, NUP43 emerges as a molecular biomarker in schizophrenia, with altered peripheral expression correlating with immune cell dysfunction 5. In breast cancer, elevated NUP43 expression independently predicts poor overall survival in luminal A and HER2+ subtypes, associated with DNA amplification 6. NUP43's multifunctional roles in genome stability, meiosis, and tissue-specific development highlight its broader significance beyond classical nuclear transport.