PATL2 (PAT1 homolog 2) is an RNA-binding protein that serves as a critical regulator of maternal mRNA homeostasis in oocytes and early embryonic development 1. The protein functions as a translational repressor by interacting with key RNA-processing factors including CPEB1 and TUT7 to maintain mRNA accumulation and decay during oocyte maturation 1. PATL2 also couples with EIF4E and CPEB1 to regulate maternal mRNA expression in immature oocytes, with its activity modulated by phosphorylation at the S279 site during oocyte maturation 2. Beyond RNA regulation, PATL2 directly interacts with and stabilizes cell cycle-related proteins including CDC23, APC1, and MAD2L1, which are essential for proper meiotic progression 1. Biallelic mutations in PATL2 cause oocyte maturation arrest, fertilization failure, and early embryonic developmental arrest, representing approximately 1.93% of female infertility cases in IVF/ICSI failures 3. The mutations disrupt mRNA homeostasis, impair protein synthesis, and affect cell cycle regulation, leading to diverse phenotypes ranging from oocyte death to embryonic arrest 14. PATL2 deficiency represents a significant genetic cause of female infertility with Mendelian inheritance patterns 5.