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10 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
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PGM5
phosphoglucomutase 5
Chromosome 9 · 9q21.11
NCBI Gene: 5239Ensembl: ENSG00000154330.14HGNC: HGNC:8908UniProt: Q15124
13PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
0Pathogenic Variants
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
phosphoglucomutase activityadherens junctionsarcolemmastress fiberAbnormality of the skeletal systemtooth diseasecolorectal carcinomaosteosarcoma
✦AI Summary

PGM5 (phosphoglucomutase 5) is a structural protein with dual roles in cellular junctions and cancer regulation. Originally characterized as a component of adherens-type cell-cell and cell-matrix junctions that positively regulates myofibril maturation and sarcomere organization 1, PGM5 lacks phosphoglucomutase enzymatic activity despite its name. Recently, PGM5 has emerged as a tumor suppressor across multiple cancer types. PGM5 expression is significantly downregulated in prostate cancer, with low expression correlating with poor prognosis and high Gleason scores; overexpression represses cancer cell proliferation and migration 2. The PGM5 antisense transcript PGM5-AS1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that inhibits cancer progression in bladder, colorectal, cervical, and esophageal cancers through distinct microRNA-sponging mechanisms 3, 4, 5, 6. In colorectal cancer, PGM5-AS1 shows diagnostic potential, with combined testing improving early-stage cancer detection 7. Beyond cancer, PGM5 transcripts are expressed in the placenta where their expression is dysregulated in pregnancy complications like fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia, suggesting roles in placental development 8. These findings position PGM5 as both a structural organizer of muscle and epithelial tissues and an important tumor suppressor with clinical biomarker potential.

Sources cited
1
PGM5 is a component of adherens junctions and positively regulates myofibril maturation; lacks phosphoglucomutase activity in vitro
PMID: 8175905
2
PGM5 expression is significantly lower in prostate cancer; low expression correlates with poor prognosis and high Gleason scores; overexpression represses cancer cell proliferation and migration
PMID: 35819729
3
PGM5-AS1 is downregulated in bladder cancer and inhibits progression through miR-587/SLIT3 axis
PMID: 36017912
4
PGM5-AS1 is downregulated in colon cancer and prevents proliferation, migration, and oxaliplatin resistance through SRSF3 and miR-423-5p mechanisms
PMID: 34463962
5
PGM5 transcripts are expressed in placenta and differentially regulated in placental dysfunction including fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia
PMID: 40180976
6
PGM5-AS1 is downregulated in colorectal cancer and acts as ceRNA sponging miR-100-5p to regulate SMAD4
PMID: 32767323
7
PGM5-AS1 is downregulated in colorectal cancer plasma and serves as diagnostic biomarker for early-stage CRC with improved AUC when combined with other markers
PMID: 34212174
8
PGM5-AS1 is downregulated in cervical cancer and inhibits progression by sponging miR-4284 to upregulate DCN
PMID: 35420507
9
PGM5-AS1 is downregulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and acts as tumor suppressor by sequestering miR-466 to elevate PTEN
PMID: 31185143
Disease Associationsⓘ20
Abnormality of the skeletal systemOpen Targets
0.46Moderate
tooth diseaseOpen Targets
0.12Weak
colorectal carcinomaOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
osteosarcomaOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
breast cancerOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
non-small cell lung carcinomaOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
lung adenocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
prostate cancerOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
diffuse large B-cell lymphomaOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
posterior cortical atrophyOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.06Suggestive
preeclampsiaOpen Targets
0.05Suggestive
fetal growth restrictionOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
colorectal cancerOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
liver cancerOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
Barrett's esophagusOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
cancerOpen Targets
0.04Suggestive
esophageal squamous cell carcinomaOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
nonpapillary renal cell carcinomaOpen Targets
0.03Suggestive
colorectal adenocarcinomaOpen Targets
0.02Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants
No pathogenic variants reported on ClinVar for this gene.
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
CAV3Protein interaction99%UGP2Protein interaction99%DAG1Protein interaction99%SGCDProtein interaction97%SGCAProtein interaction97%SNTG2Protein interaction97%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Heart
100%
Ovary
12%
Lung
10%
Liver
2%
Brain
1%
Bone Marrow
0%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
PGM5CAV3UGP2DAG1SGCDSGCASNTG2
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
PDB7U21 · 1.90 Å · X-ray
View on RCSB ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
0.70LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.02Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.48 [0.33–0.70]
RankingsWhere PGM5 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #16,257of 20,598
    Most Researched13
  • #5,343of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)0.70
Genes detectedPGM5
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
10▼
1
Downregulation of PGM5 expression correlates with tumor progression and poor prognosis in human prostate cancer.
PMID: 35819729
Discov Oncol · 2022
1.00
2
LncRNA PGM5-AS1 Inhibits the Progression of Bladder Cancer by Regulating miR-587/SLIT3 Axis.
PMID: 36017912
Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr · 2022
0.90
3
Engineered exosomes for co-delivery of PGM5-AS1 and oxaliplatin to reverse drug resistance in colon cancer.
PMID: 34463962
J Cell Physiol · 2022
0.80
4
Phosphoglucomutase 5 gene transcripts are expressed by the human placenta and differentially regulated in placental dysfunction.
PMID: 40180976
Sci Rep · 2025
0.70
5
Reduced long noncoding RNA PGM5-AS1 facilitated proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer through sponging miR-100-5p.
PMID: 32767323
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci · 2020
0.60