SLC5A10 encodes SGLT5, a sodium-dependent glucose transporter that primarily functions as the main renal transporter for 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG), a glucose analog and biomarker of glycemic control 1. Unlike other family members, SLC5A10 demonstrates superior transport activity for 1,5-AG compared to mannose, distinguishing it from SGLT4 1. The transporter plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism through its effects on 1,5-AG reabsorption in the kidney, with rare coding variants in SLC5A10 significantly affecting serum 1,5-AG levels - some variants causing up to 10.38 µg/mL reductions per allele and explaining 6% of 1,5-AG variance 2. Multiple genome-wide association studies have identified SLC5A10 loci as significantly associated with 1,5-AG concentrations 3. Clinically, SLC5A10 is relevant to diabetes management since 1,5-AG serves as a biomarker for hyperglycemic excursions, and heterozygous SLC5A10 variants may favorably influence neutropenia in rare metabolic disorders like glycogen storage disease type 1b by reducing blood 1,5-AG levels 1. The gene has also been implicated in various disease contexts including epilepsy susceptibility and prostate cancer molecular subtypes 45.