HomeAboutRankingsData Sources
Β© 2026 GeneE
🧬
GeneE
10 sources retrieved Β· Most recent: April 2026 Β· Index updated 14 days ago
β“˜GeneE is for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
TEX11
testis expressed 11
Chromosome X Β· Xq13.1
NCBI Gene: 56159Ensembl: ENSG00000120498.14HGNC: HGNC:11733UniProt: Q8IYF3
38PubMed Papers
21Diseases
0Drugs
13Pathogenic Variants
FUNCTIONAL ROLE
Highly Constrained
CLINICAL
OMIM Disease Gene
DATA QUALITY
βœ“ Experimental GO Evidenceβœ“ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
protein bindingmeiotic gene conversionchromosomecentral elementspermatogenic failure, X-linked, 2azoospermiamale infertilityuterine fibroid
✦AI Summary

TEX11 is an X-linked, meiosis-specific gene essential for male fertility that regulates crossing-over during meiosis 1. The protein functions as a regulator of meiotic recombination and chrX synapsis, promoting genome-wide recombination rates and facilitating the initiation and maintenance of chromosome X 2. TEX11 is strongly expressed in spermatogonia and weakly in spermatocytes 1, with localization in late-pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids 3. Mechanistically, TEX11 deficiency causes abnormal meiotic recombination and impaired chrX synapsis, leading to meiotic arrest and failure of post-meiotic spermatid development 4. TEX11 mutations cause non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA), occurring in approximately 1% of azoospermic men, with various pathogenic variants identified including frameshift, missense, and splicing mutations 2. Histological analyses reveal meiotic arrest with absent post-meiotic spermatids and spermatozoa in seminiferous tubules 14. Clinically, TEX11 mutations are associated with male infertility and azoospermia, and the gene should be included in genetic screening panels for clinical evaluation of infertile men 35. Notably, TEX11 also exhibits tumor-suppressive properties in colorectal cancer through regulation of the FOXO3a/COP1/c-Jun/p21 axis 6.

Sources cited
1
TEX11 is essential for meiotic recombination and chromosomal synapsis; mutations cause meiotic arrest and azoospermia; TEX11 expression pattern in testicular cells
PMID: 29661171
2
TEX11 promotes meiotic recombination and chromosomal synapsis; mutations occur in ~1% of azoospermic men; modulates genome-wide recombination rates
PMID: 26136358
3
TEX11 deficiency causes abnormal meiotic recombination and chromosomal synapsis; pathogenic variants lead to meiotic arrest and absent post-meiotic spermatids
PMID: 37124723
4
TEX11 expression in late-pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids; frameshift mutations cause azoospermia with meiotic arrest; should be included in genetic screening panels
PMID: 33762476
5
TEX11 mutations contribute to non-obstructive azoospermia; nearly 50%-80% of NOA cases remain idiopathic
PMID: 33390350
6
TEX11 exhibits tumor-suppressive function in colorectal cancer through FOXO3a/COP1/c-Jun/p21 signaling axis
PMID: 36258021
Disease Associationsβ“˜21
spermatogenic failure, X-linked, 2Open Targets
0.62Moderate
azoospermiaOpen Targets
0.54Moderate
male infertilityOpen Targets
0.51Moderate
uterine fibroidOpen Targets
0.40Weak
prostate carcinomaOpen Targets
0.38Weak
male infertility with azoospermia or oligozoospermia due to single gene mutationOpen Targets
0.38Weak
endometriosisOpen Targets
0.33Weak
benign prostatic hyperplasiaOpen Targets
0.33Weak
male reproductive organ cancerOpen Targets
0.32Weak
neurodegenerative diseaseOpen Targets
0.29Weak
genetic disorderOpen Targets
0.19Weak
prostate cancerOpen Targets
0.11Weak
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.11Weak
hepatocellular carcinomaOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
lymphatic system diseaseOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
vein disorderOpen Targets
0.09Suggestive
glioblastoma multiformeOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
nasopharyngeal carcinomaOpen Targets
0.08Suggestive
nail-patella syndromeOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
lumbar disc degenerationOpen Targets
0.07Suggestive
Spermatogenic failure, X-linked, 2UniProt
Pathogenic Variants13
NM_031276.3(TEX11):c.1008dup (p.Ser337fs)Pathogenic
Male infertility
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2024β†’ Residue 337
NM_031276.3(TEX11):c.1200G>A (p.Trp400Ter)Pathogenic
Male infertility
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2024β†’ Residue 400
NM_031276.3(TEX11):c.686G>A (p.Trp229Ter)Pathogenic
Male infertility
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2024β†’ Residue 229
NM_031276.3(TEX11):c.1792+1G>CPathogenic
Male infertility
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2024
NM_031276.3(TEX11):c.37+10228delPathogenic
Male infertility
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2024
NM_031276.3(TEX11):c.747+1G>APathogenic
Male infertility
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†2024
NM_031276.3(TEX11):c.2568G>T (p.Trp856Cys)Pathogenic
Non-obstructive azoospermia
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†β†’ Residue 856
NM_031276.3(TEX11):c.253del (p.Val85fs)Pathogenic
Non-obstructive azoospermia
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†β†’ Residue 85
NM_031276.3(TEX11):c.1751+2T>GPathogenic
Non-obstructive azoospermia
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†
NM_031276.3(TEX11):c.1381-1G>APathogenic
Non-obstructive azoospermia
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†
NM_031276.3(TEX11):c.1208dup (p.Asn403fs)Pathogenic
Non-obstructive azoospermia
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†β†’ Residue 403
NM_031276.3(TEX11):c.1006G>T (p.Glu336Ter)Pathogenic
Non-obstructive azoospermia
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†β†’ Residue 336
NM_031276.3(TEX11):c.812del (p.Lys271fs)Pathogenic
Non-obstructive azoospermia
β˜…β˜†β˜†β˜†β†’ Residue 271
View on ClinVar β†—
Related Genes
C1orf146Protein interaction86%MSH4Protein interaction83%MSH5Protein interaction83%RNF212Protein interaction82%SHOC1Protein interaction80%SYCP2Protein interaction74%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Brain
100%
Heart
50%
Liver
33%
Ovary
17%
Bone Marrow
17%
Lung
17%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
TEX11C1orf146MSH4MSH5RNF212SHOC1SYCP2
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
AlphaFoldAI-predicted Β· UniProt Q8IYF3
View on AlphaFold β†—
Constraintβ“˜
LOEUFβ“˜
0.16Highly Constrained
pLIβ“˜
1.00Intolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.08 [0.05–0.16]
RankingsWhere TEX11 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #10,553of 20,598
    Most Researched38
  • #2,626of 5,498
    Most Pathogenic Variants13
  • #230of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)0.16 Β· top 5%
Genes detectedTEX11
Sources retrieved10 papers
Response timeβ€”
πŸ“„ Sources
10β–Ό
1
A novel TEX11 mutation induces azoospermia: a case report of infertile brothers and literature review.
PMID: 29661171
BMC Med Genet Β· 2018
1.00
2
Association of CATSPER1, SPATA16 and TEX11 genes polymorphism with idiopathic azoospermia and oligospermia risk in Iranian population.
PMID: 35248021
BMC Med Genomics Β· 2022
0.90
3
Novel mutations of
PMID: 37124723
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Β· 2023
0.80
4
Downregulation of TEX11 promotes S-Phase progression and proliferation in colorectal cancer cells through the FOXO3a/COP1/c-Jun/p21 axis.
PMID: 36258021
Oncogene Β· 2022
0.70
5
Genetic mutations contributing to non-obstructive azoospermia.
PMID: 33390350
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab Β· 2020
0.60