TPGS2 (tubulin polyglutamylase complex subunit 2) is a component of the tubulin polyglutamylase complex involved in post-translational glutamylation of tubulin tails 1. While the UniProt annotation suggests roles in cilia and flagella biogenesis, the provided literature primarily documents TPGS2's emerging roles in disease contexts rather than its canonical cellular functions. In cancer biology, TPGS2 has gained significant attention as a prognostic biomarker. A circular RNA derived from TPGS2 (circ-TPGS2) promotes breast cancer metastasis by sponging miR-7, leading to TRAF6/NF-κB pathway activation and pro-inflammatory chemokine production 2. Pan-cancer analysis reveals TPGS2 is aberrantly expressed across multiple cancer types and correlates with immune cell infiltration, tumor mutational burden, and microsatellite instability 1. TPGS2 emerges as a hub gene in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis 3 and as a critical marker in renal transplant rejection 4. In immunopathology, TPGS2 is differentially expressed in narcolepsy type I CD4 T-cells, where it participates in tubulin arrangement affecting immune synapse formation and TCR signaling 5. Recent evidence identifies TPGS2 as causally linked to ischemic stroke through m6A methylation-mediated mechanisms 6. These findings position TPGS2 as a potential biomarker for cancer prognosis, immunotherapy response, and neurological disease susceptibility, though mechanistic understanding beyond its tubulin modification function requires further investigation.