TUBG2 encodes gamma-tubulin 2, a key component of the gamma-tubulin ring complex (gTuRC) that mediates microtubule nucleation 1. TUBG2 is one of two expressed human gamma-tubulin genes, sharing 97.3% amino acid identity with TUBG1 2, located within 20 kb of TUBG1 on chromosome 17 2. Both genes are coexpressed across tissues but TUBG2 is predominantly expressed in the brain 3. Mechanistically, TUBG2 protein localizes to centrosomes and interacts with gamma-tubulin complex proteins to regulate minus-end nucleation of alpha-beta tubulin heterodimers, essential for centrosome duplication and spindle formation 4. While functionally redundant with TUBG1 for microtubule nucleation 4, TUBG2 cannot compensate for TUBG1 deficiency in early embryogenesis due to dramatically reduced expression in blastocysts 4. Disease relevance includes cancer pathology, where TUBG2 overexpression correlates with lung cancer progression, particularly in Stage III tumors 5. A de novo missense variant (p.Met249Ile) was identified in a patient with polymicrogyria, intellectual disability, and seizures, suggesting TUBG2 as a novel disease gene 6. Additionally, TUBG2 was identified through transcriptome-wide association as a novel migraine susceptibility gene 7. Therapeutically, selective targeting of TUBG1 (rather than TUBG2) shows promise in RB1-negative tumors with reduced neuronal toxicity compared to traditional tubulin agents 8.