ZC3H11A is a stress-induced, CCCH-type zinc finger protein of 810 amino acids with an N-terminal structured zinc finger domain and intrinsically disordered remainder 1. Its primary function involves nuclear mRNA export, where it associates with the transcription export (TREX) complex and localizes to nuclear splicing speckles 2. ZC3H11A binds short purine-rich ribonucleotide stretches in RNA through its zinc finger motifs and interacts with the nuclear poly(A)-binding protein PABPN1, which controls its nuclear speckle localization 3. Mechanistically, ZC3H11A is essential for nuclear-replicating viruses including HIV-1, influenza virus, herpes simplex virus, and adenovirus, facilitating efficient viral mRNA export during infection 2. It regulates viral transcript polyadenylation in a PABPN1-dependent manner 3, and is similarly required for pseudorabies virus and porcine circovirus 2 proliferation 4. Disease relevance includes high myopia, where ZC3H11A mutations cause retinal dysfunction through dysregulation of PI3K-AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways, with upregulation of inflammatory and myopic factors 5. Additionally, ZC3H11A functions as a competitive endogenous RNA in melanoma, sequestering tumor suppressor microRNAs to promote metastasis when amplified via chromosome 1 gains 6. These findings identify ZC3H11A as a potential therapeutic target for viral infections, myopia, and cancer progression.