HomeAboutRankingsData Sources
© 2026 GeneE
🧬
GeneE
25 sources retrieved · Most recent: April 2026 · Index updated 14 days ago
ⓘGeneE is for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
DKK3
dickkopf Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor 3
Chromosome 11 · 11p15.3
NCBI Gene: 27122Ensembl: ENSG00000050165.19HGNC: HGNC:2893UniProt: F6SYF8
194PubMed Papers
20Diseases
0Drugs
2Pathogenic Variants
RESEARCH IMPACT
Trending
DATA QUALITY
✓ Experimental GO Evidence✓ Swiss-Prot Reviewed
protein bindingadrenal gland developmentnegative regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic processnegative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionAbnormality of the skeletal systemadverse effectresponse to stimulusautosomal dominant polycystic liver disease
✦AI Summary

DKK3 (dickkopf-3) is a secreted glycoprotein that functions as an antagonist of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling by inhibiting LRP5/6 interaction with Wnt ligands and promoting LRP5/6 internalization via KREMEN-mediated mechanisms 1. During development, DKK3 regulates critical processes including axial patterning and limb formation. In adult tissues, DKK3 exhibits context-dependent roles. In inflammatory diseases, DKK3+ fibroblasts represent a pro-resolving phenotype that suppresses inflammation and promotes tissue repair 23. However, in chr11 kidney disease (CKD), DKK3 promotes pathological renal fibrosis by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, enhancing mitochondrial fission through MFF upregulation, and increasing oxidative stress 4. DKK3 is also upregulated in COPD-associated sarcopenia, where it induces muscle atrophy via CKAP4-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction 5. Clinically, elevated urinary and plasma DKK3 levels serve as diagnostic biomarkers for CKD progression and sarcopenia in COPD patients 65. In rheumatoid arthritis, DKK3+ fibroblasts mark refractory disease states resistant to biologic therapies, while CD200+DKK3+ fibroblasts associate with disease remission 73. These findings position DKK3 as both a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target across multiple disease contexts.

Sources cited
1
DKK3 released by stressed tubular epithelial cells drives kidney fibrosis and CKD progression through Wnt-β-catenin pathway regulation
PMID: 32989282
2
DKK3 promotes renal fibrosis by activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway and increasing MFF-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction
PMID: 38682264
3
DKK3 increased in patients with declining eGFR as a biomarker for CKD progression
PMID: 38280489
4
DKK3 overexpressed in COPD-related sarcopenia; plasma DKK3 predicts sarcopenia and induces muscle atrophy via CKAP4-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction
PMID: 39571512
5
DKK3+ fibroblasts identified as associated with refractory rheumatoid arthritis state resistant to biologic therapies
PMID: 38008706
6
Pro-resolving DKK3+ fibroblasts interact with MERTK+ macrophages to facilitate resolution of inflammation and fibrosis in frozen shoulder
PMID: 38374174
7
CD200+DKK3+ fibroblasts represent pro-resolving phenotype that stabilizes type 2 innate lymphoid cells and induces resolution of arthritis
PMID: 38396288
8
Dkk3+ fibroblasts emerge as disease-specific subset during arthritis development, marked by enhanced inflammatory responses and matrix catabolic processes
PMID: 35879783
Disease Associationsⓘ20
Abnormality of the skeletal systemOpen Targets
0.45Moderate
adverse effectOpen Targets
0.34Weak
response to stimulusOpen Targets
0.34Weak
autosomal dominant polycystic liver diseaseOpen Targets
0.34Weak
Isolated polycystic liver diseaseOpen Targets
0.34Weak
bladder calculusOpen Targets
0.29Weak
diabetes mellitusOpen Targets
0.27Weak
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney diseaseOpen Targets
0.15Weak
marfanoid habitus and intellectual disabilityOpen Targets
0.12Weak
neoplasmOpen Targets
0.12Weak
cancerOpen Targets
0.11Weak
breast cancerOpen Targets
0.11Weak
prostate cancerOpen Targets
0.11Weak
Alzheimer diseaseOpen Targets
0.10Weak
osteosarcomaOpen Targets
0.10Weak
glioblastoma multiformeOpen Targets
0.10Weak
acute kidney injuryOpen Targets
0.10Weak
posterior cortical atrophyOpen Targets
0.10Suggestive
gastric cancerOpen Targets
0.10Suggestive
acute lymphoblastic leukemiaOpen Targets
0.10Suggestive
Pathogenic Variants2
NM_001018057.2(DKK3):c.1006dup (p.Glu336fs)Likely pathogenic
Autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease
☆☆☆☆2021→ Residue 336
NM_001018057.2(DKK3):c.952C>T (p.Arg318Cys)Likely pathogenic
Autosomal dominant polycystic liver disease
☆☆☆☆2021→ Residue 318
View on ClinVar ↗
Related Genes
KREMEN1Protein interaction100%WNT3AProtein interaction95%KREMEN2Protein interaction91%LRP6Protein interaction90%SFRP2Protein interaction87%SFRP4Protein interaction87%
Tissue Expression6 tissues
Heart
100%
Brain
25%
Lung
10%
Ovary
5%
Liver
1%
Bone Marrow
0%
Gene Interaction Network
Click a node to explore
DKK3KREMEN1WNT3AKREMEN2LRP6SFRP2SFRP4
PROTEIN STRUCTURE
Preparing viewer…
AlphaFoldAI-predicted · UniProt Q9UBP4
View on AlphaFold ↗
Constraintⓘ
LOEUFⓘ
0.95LoF Tolerant
pLIⓘ
0.00Tolerant
Observed/Expected LoF0.68 [0.50–0.95]
RankingsWhere DKK3 stands among ~20K protein-coding genes
  • #2,196of 20,598
    Most Researched194 · top quartile
  • #4,248of 5,498
    Most Pathogenic Variants2
  • #8,957of 17,882
    Most Constrained (LOEUF)0.95
Genes detectedDKK3
Sources retrieved25 papers
Response time—
📄 Sources
25▼
1
Predicting best treatment in rheumatoid arthritis.
PMID: 38008706
Semin Arthritis Rheum · 2024
1.00
2
Urinary biomarkers in kidney disease.
PMID: 38280489
Clin Chim Acta · 2024
0.90
3
WNT-β-catenin signalling - a versatile player in kidney injury and repair.
PMID: 32989282
Nat Rev Nephrol · 2021
0.80
4
A single cell atlas of frozen shoulder capsule identifies features associated with inflammatory fibrosis resolution.
PMID: 38374174
Nat Commun · 2024
0.70
5
Exogenous Nucleotides Supplementation Attenuates Age-Related Sarcopenia.
PMID: 40745399
J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle · 2025
0.68