MAP10 (microtubule-associated protein 10) is a microtubule-binding protein that plays a critical role in cell division regulation. Functionally, MAP10 promotes microtubule stability and participates in organizing the spindle midzone, facilitating normal cytokinesis progression. The protein localizes to stabilized microtubules during interphase and to the mitotic apparatus during mitosis, where it bundles and stabilizes microtubule polymers through direct binding interactions 1. Mechanistically, MAP10 stabilization of microtubules is essential for maintaining chromosome 1 fidelity; depletion of MAP10 via RNA interference leads to cytokinesis failure and polyploidy, phenotypes reversible by wild-type MAP10 but not by microtubule non-binding mutants 1. Disease relevance includes oncological contexts: MAP10 mutations were identified as deleterious variants in chr1 lymphoproliferative disorder of natural killer cells, suggesting involvement in pathways promoting cancer proliferation and survival 2. Additionally, altered MAP10-related gene expression has been documented in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, indicating potential dysregulation in carcinogenic processes 3. Clinically, MAP10's role in ensuring proper cell division makes it relevant to conditions where chromosome 1 or cytokinesis failure occurs, though specific clinical applications require further investigation beyond the available literature.