NXT2 is a nuclear export factor that regulates protein and mRNA nuclear export. It functions as a paralog of NXT1, forming heterodimeric complexes with NXF family proteins (NXF1, NXF2, NXF3) through its conserved NTF2-like domain to facilitate nucleocytoplasmic transport 1. NXT2 exhibits testis-enriched expression and plays a critical role in spermatogenesis, particularly during early germ cell development 2. Loss-of-function variants in NXT2 cause male infertility through impaired germ cell development, highlighting its essential function in human reproduction 2. However, NXT2 knockout mice remain fertile, suggesting species-specific functional requirements 3. Beyond reproductive function, NXT2 is implicated in neurodegenerative disease pathways—it shows altered DNA methylation in Alzheimer's disease models 4 and Huntington's disease patients 5, though its mechanistic role in neurodegeneration remains unclear. Clinically, NXT2 deletions contribute to X-linked intellectual disability phenotypes 6. Recent therapeutic interest has focused on exploiting NXT1-NXT2 paralog redundancy through NXF1 targeting as a selective strategy in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma 7.