RPL37 is a structural component of the large ribosomal subunit involved in cytoplasmic protein synthesis 12. Beyond its canonical ribosomal function, RPL37 plays important regulatory roles in cellular signaling. The protein binds to MDM2 and inhibits its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, leading to p53 stabilization and cell cycle arrest, thereby participating in ribosome biogenesis surveillance 3. RPL37 expression is regulated at multiple levels: its mRNA contains a 5'-terminal oligopyrimidine (5'TOP) tract that is modulated by La protein phosphorylation status, with nonphosphorylated La binding to RPL37 mRNA and potentially inhibiting its translation 4. Additionally, RPL37 translation is enhanced by YTHDC1 in an m6A-dependent manner, particularly in trophoblastic cells where this pathway contributes to preterm birth risk in ART pregnancies 5. The gene is also responsive to environmental stresses, as RPL37 expression decreases upon PM2.5 exposure through miR-4516-mediated regulation, subsequently inducing autophagy 6. Clinical relevance includes its potential as a biomarker in breast cancer chemotherapy response prediction and its involvement in pregnancy complications through the epigenetic regulation of trophoblast function 75.