SNX1 (sorting nexin 1) is a membrane-trafficking protein located on chromosome 15 that functions as a key component of the retromer complex 1. SNX1 contains PX and BAR domains that bind phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3P))-enriched, highly curved endosomal membranes and mediates retrograde transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network 1. The protein forms heterodimeric complexes (with SNX2, SNX5, or SNX6) and functions in membrane deformation and tubulation to facilitate endosome-to-TGN transport carrier formation 2. SNX1 regulates recycling of multiple receptors including IGF2R, M6PR, and EGFR, directing ligand-activated EGFR to lysosomes for degradation [UniProt data]. SNX1 expression is controlled through alternative splicing mechanisms that may be developmentally regulated, particularly in liver tissues 3. Clinically, SNX1 dysfunction has emerged as relevant to neurodegenerative diseases; genome-wide association studies identified SNX1 variants associated with both Alzheimer's disease risk and human longevity, with enrichment in microglial and oligodendrocytic gene networks 4. SNX1 polymorphisms also distinguish amyloid-β predominant Alzheimer's neuropathologic change from classical disease 5. In cancer contexts, SNX1 acts as a tumor suppressor; downregulation correlates with colorectal and ovarian cancer progression, while SNX1 restoration induces ferroptosis and inhibits proliferation, suggesting therapeutic potential 67.